Prologue

The term scientist might conjure images of white coated propeller heads. However, the use of the word scientist in this thesis merely means anyone with a good dose of common sense, is objective, who believes that anything that is to be believed has to be reasoned based on evidence and empirical study.

Instead of using a mouthful like scientists, engineers, mathematicians, biologists, evolutionary biologists, and so on repeatedly, I use the term scientists to refer to all of them and more.

So, the word scientists includes everyone who believes in reason, including you.

In this age and time, it is necessary to say that any use of the word of the masculine gender in these pages similarly refers to the opposite gender too unless explicitly indicated otherwise.

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